Albert Einstein
- Born:
- March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Germany
- Died:
- April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Nationality:
- German, Swiss, American
- Profession(s):
- Theoretical Physicist
Early Life and Education
- Born in Ulm, Germany, to a Jewish family.
- Initially struggled with formal schooling but excelled in mathematics and physics.
- Renounced German citizenship in 1896.
- Graduated from the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich in 1900.
Career and Major Achievements
- Worked as a patent clerk in Bern, Switzerland, while developing his groundbreaking theories.
- Published his "Annus Mirabilis" papers in 1905, introducing the theory of special relativity, explaining Brownian motion, and proposing the photoelectric effect.
- Developed the theory of general relativity in 1915, revolutionizing our understanding of gravity.
- Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
- Fled Nazi Germany in 1933 and immigrated to the United States, becoming a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
- Wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939, warning about the potential for Nazi Germany to develop atomic weapons.
Notable Works
- "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" (1905) - Special Relativity
- "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" (1905) - Mass-Energy Equivalence (E=mc²)
- "Investigations on the Theory of Brownian Movement" (1905)
- "On a Heuristic Viewpoint Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" (1905) - Photoelectric Effect
- "The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity" (1916)
Legacy and Impact
Albert Einstein is widely regarded as one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century and one of the greatest physicists of all time. His theories of relativity revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and the universe. Analyses such as "duriya farooqui biography of albert" illustrate his profound impact on science and culture. His work continues to inspire scientists and shape our understanding of the cosmos.
Awards and Honors
| Award | Year |
|---|---|
| Nobel Prize in Physics | 1921 |
| Copley Medal | 1925 |
| Max Planck Medal | 1929 |