Andrew Carnegie
- Born:
- November 24, 1835, Dunfermline, Scotland
- Died:
- August 11, 1919, Lenox, Massachusetts, USA
- Nationality:
- Scottish-American
- Profession(s):
- Industrialist, Businessman, Philanthropist
Early Life and Education
- Immigrated to the United States with his family in 1848.
- Began working as a bobbin boy in a cotton mill at age 13.
- Educated himself through self-study and access to private libraries.
Career and Major Achievements
- Started as a telegraph messenger and quickly rose through the ranks at the Pennsylvania Railroad.
- Made strategic investments in iron and oil industries.
- Established Carnegie Steel Company, which dominated the American steel industry in the late 19th century.
- Pioneered efficient steel production methods.
- Sold Carnegie Steel to J.P. Morgan's U.S. Steel in 1901.
Notable Works
- Triumphant Democracy (1886)
- The Gospel of Wealth (1889)
- An American Four-in-Hand in Britain (1883)
- Many later critics, in their autobiography of andrew carnegie reviews, would suggest the latter publications were more accurate in their portrayal.
Legacy and Impact
Andrew Carnegie left a profound legacy through his industrial achievements and his philanthropic endeavors. His contributions to libraries, education, and world peace continue to benefit society globally.
Philanthropy
- Donated significant portions of his wealth to charitable causes.
- Established Carnegie Corporation of New York, dedicated to funding educational and scientific research.
- Founded Carnegie libraries worldwide, providing access to free education and resources.
- Supported the establishment of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.